Bone density test caresource

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The measurement helps show the strength and thickness known as bone density or mass of your bones. Most people's bones become thinner as they get older. When bones become thinner than normal, it's known as osteopenia. Osteopenia puts you at risk for a more serious condition called osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a progressive disease that causes bones to become very thin and brittle. Osteoporosis usually affects older people and is most common in women over the age of People with osteoporosis are at higher risk for fractures broken bones , especially in their hips, spine, and wrists.

Most women age 65 or older should have a bone density scan. Women in this age group are at high risk for losing bone density, which can lead to fractures.

You may also be at risk for low bone density if you:. There are different ways to measure bone density. The most common and accurate way uses a procedure called dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, also known as a DEXA scan. The scan is usually done in a radiologist's office. You may be told to stop taking calcium supplements 24 to 48 hours before your test.

Also, you should avoid wearing metal jewelry or clothes with metal parts, such as buttons or buckles. A bone density scan uses very low doses of radiation. It is safe for most people. But it is not recommended for pregnant woman. Even low doses of radiation could harm an unborn baby. Be sure to tell your provider if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant. Bone density results are often given in the form of a T score. A T score is a measurement that compares your bone density measurement with the bone density of a healthy year-old.

A low T score means you probably have some bone loss. If your results show you have low bone density, your health care provider will recommend steps to prevent further bone loss. These may include:. Learn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results. A DEXA scan is the most common way to measure bone density. But your health care provider may order more tests to confirm a diagnosis or to find out if bone loss treatment is working.

The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health. Bone Density Scan. What is a bone density scan?

What is it used for? A bone density scan is used to: Diagnose osteopenia low bone mass Diagnose osteoporosis Predict risk of future fractures See if treatment for osteoporosis is working. Why do I need a bone density scan? A bone density test is a low-level X-ray measuring important bone sites.

It is painless, non-invasive, and takes about 10 minutes. You will be asked to stop taking calcium supplements 24 to 48 hours before the scheduled DXA exam different facilities have different guidelines. Metal jewelry for example, belly button piercings and clothing with metal fasteners zippers, buckles, hooks should be avoided.

Fully clothed, you will lie flat on your back on a padded table. Legs may be straight or positioned on a padded platform. A scanner will pass over your lower spine and hip while another scanner passes beneath you. At HSS, the wrist is scanned with the same machine while you are seated next to the machine.

Other facilities may use a separate scanner to evaluate the wrist. You may be asked to hold your breath during the scanning, ensuring that you lie very still so that motion artifact does not interfere with the images the technologist and radiologist evaluate on the computer screen.

DXA bone mineral density for different sites on the skeleton is reported as grams per centimeter squared gm 2 — measuring the amount of calcium and other bone materials packed in to a segment of bone. Values are compared to others of the same age and gender Z-scores or healthy young adults at peak bone mass T-scores.

Osteoporosis anywhere in your body is osteoporosis everywhere. The diagnosis is made using the lowest T-score. For example, if the T-score in your spine is It is incorrect to say there is osteoporosis in the spine and osteopenia in the hip.

For people with low bone density, the FRAX fracture risk assessment tool, is often included in the report. Using femoral neck bone density the bone density of a portion of the femur and patient-specific data, the year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture and a hip fracture is generated. Your results may also include a TBS — trabecular bone score.

This reflects the microarchitecture of bone in the spine. Results are classified as normal, partially-degraded, and degraded.